Changes occurring in the economic and social systems, often referred to as Industry 4.0,\nrelate to the employment structure in the economy. More employees will find jobs in the\nservices sector and creative industries. These changes create new threats. The non-physical\nworking conditions and the mental health of the employees are becoming increasingly\nimportant. The purpose of the research results presented in the article is to identify and\nlearn about the relationship between the implementation of 5S practices and the safety of\nworking conditions. This will allow a better understanding of the phenomena accompanying\nthe implementation of 5S practices and their impact on employees' health. This makes it\nnecessary for researchers to identify the goals set before implementing 5S practices in the\nlight of the working conditions and to analyze their actual and potential impact on\nemployees' health. The authors conducted bibliographic studies, in-depth interviews with\nemployees and managers of the company, and analyzed documentation on the\nimplementation of 5S. The study used the case study method. The authors, as a result of the\nresearch, identified practices used in companies when implementing the 5S principles and\nthey found that the implementations did not take into account the context of the working\nconditions and the impact of the implementations on the employees' physical and mental\nhealth. They also determined that the main goal of the implementations was to maximize\nwork efficiency. Where the working conditions improved, it occurred as an unintended\neffect. The authors have identified areas that can improve the mental well-being and health\nof employees when implementing and using 5S practices.
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